abstract：:The results obtained previously by Ruckenstein and Shulgin [Int. J. Pharm. 258 (2003a) 193; Int. J. Pharm. 260 (2003b) 283] via the fluctuation theory of solutions regarding the solubility of drugs in binary aqueous mixed solvents were extended in the present paper to multicomponent aqueous solvents. The multicomponen...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Ruckenstein E,Shulgin I

更新日期：2003-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Chitosan microparticles as carriers for GRA-1 protein vaccine were prepared and characterized with respect to loading efficiency and GRA-1 stability after short-term storage. Chitosan nanoparticles as carriers for GRA-1 pDNA vaccine were prepared and characterized with respect to size, zeta potential, and protection o...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bivas-Benita M,Laloup M,Versteyhe S,Dewit J,De Braekeleer J,Jongert E,Borchard G

更新日期：2003-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Cationic polyphosphoesters (PPEs) with different side-chain charge groups were designed and synthesized as biodegradable gene carriers. Poly(N-methyl-2-aminoethyl propylene phosphate) (PPE-MEA), with a secondary amino group (-CH(2)CH(2)NHCH3) side chain released DNA in several hours at N/P (amino group of polymer to p...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Wang J,Huang SW,Zhang PC,Mao HQ,Leong KW

更新日期：2003-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop a low-dose therapeutic system for amphotericin B (AmB), the efficacy and toxicity of lipid nano-sphere (LNS) incorporating AmB (LNS-AmB) were evaluated and compared with those of Fungizone, the conventional dosage form of AmB with sodium deoxycholate. LNS-AmB and Fungizone showed nearly equal activity again...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Fukui H,Koike T,Saheki A,Sonoke S,Tomii Y,Seki J

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of carriers, the drug:carrier ratio and a 1 month storage period of a formulation in permeable polystyrene tube at 40 degrees C/75% RH on the in vitro pulmonary deposition of model drugs from dry powder inhaler (DPI) were evaluated. Budesonide (hydrophobic) and salbutamol sulphate (hydrophilic) were used a...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Harjunen P,Lankinen T,Salonen H,Lehto VP,Järvinen K

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Leachability of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from administration sets into intravenous parenteral emulsions containing fat was investigated. DEHP is added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to impart flexibility. However, DEHP is a lipid-soluble suspected carcinogen that is hepatotoxic and teratogenic in...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kambia K,Dine T,Gressier B,Bah S,Germe AF,Luyckx M,Brunet C,Michaud L,Gottrand F

更新日期：2003-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Camphor (CA) encapsulation in oil/water/oil multiple emulsions prepared with cyclodextrin disturbs the emulsifier potential of alpha- and beta-natural cyclodextrins (CD). It was suggested that the size and geometrical fit between the CD cavity and CA could induce CD/CA complex formation in place of emulsifier formatio...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Yu SC,Bochot A,Bas GL,Chéron M,Mahuteau J,Grossiord JL,Seiller M,Duchêne D

更新日期：2003-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate how a selection of formulation variables affects the in vitro transfection efficiency and physicochemical properties (particle size, zetapotential and chitosan-plasmid association) of chitosan-based polyplexes. Experimental designs in combination with multivariate data analysis...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Romøren K,Pedersen S,Smistad G,Evensen Ø,Thu BJ

更新日期：2003-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of carrier surface properties on drug particle detachment from carrier crystals during inhalation with a special test inhaler with basic air classifier has been studied for mixtures containing 0.4% budesonide. Carrier crystals were retained in the classifier during inhalation and subsequently examined for t...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： de Boer AH,Hagedoorn P,Gjaltema D,Goede J,Kussendrager KD,Frijlink HW

更新日期：2003-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this research was to ascertain whether dextrans with low molecular weight will stabilize aviscumine. During freeze-drying increasing concentrations of dextran T1 (MW 1000) stabilized aviscumine. Eight percent of dextran resulted in a nearly 100% recovery of the activity and in addition a complete amorphous ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Gloger O,Witthohn K,Müller BW

更新日期：2003-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Sustained-release nitrendipine microspheres were prepared in liquid system by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method, in which the Aerosil was employed as an inert dispersing carrier to improve the dissolution rate of nitrendipine, and Eudragit RS as a retarding agent to control the release rate. The resultant micros...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Yang Ms,Cui Fd,You Bg,Fan Yl,Wang L,Yue P,Yang H

更新日期：2003-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate mucoadhesive properties and gastrointestinal transit of microspheres made of oppositely charged dextran derivatives and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). The microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method. A reference microsphere was made of lactose instea...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Miyazaki Y,Ogihara K,Yakou S,Nagai T,Takayama K

更新日期：2003-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The permeation of cyproterone acetate (CPA) from Derma Membrane Structure (DMS) creams and liposomal formulations was investigated. Standard diffusion experiments with dermatomed porcine skin were performed. The cumulative CPA amount permeated of the DMS creams was between 2.9 and 6.8 microg/cm(2) within 48 h. By addi...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Valenta C,Janisch M

更新日期：2003-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports on measurements of the release characteristics of the model drug salbutamol base from a liquid crystalline vehicle across a non-rate limiting synthetic membrane. The measured passive release rates were compared with analogous behaviour: (i) when a penetration enhancer such as oleic acid was incorpor...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Nolan LM,Corish J,Corrigan OI,Fitzpatrick D

更新日期：2003-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A preparation method for nanoparticles based on the emulsification of a butyl lactate or benzyl alcohol solution of a solid lipid in an aqueous solution of different emulsifiers, followed by dilution of the emulsion with water, was used to prepare glyceryl monostearate nanodispersions with narrow size distribution. To...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Trotta M,Debernardi F,Caputo O

更新日期：2003-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Among different technological variables that influence drug release from hydrophilic matrices, different proportions of the polymer and a water-soluble excipient have been used to control the drug release properties. These variables were used to modify the drug release rate and to examine its effect on the mechanism c...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Martínez-González I,Villafuerte-Robles L

更新日期：2003-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the present study was to evaluate three formulation parameters for the application of polymethacrylic films from aqueous dispersions in order to obtain multiparticulate sustained release of diclofenac sodium. Film coating of pellet cores was performed in a laboratory fluid bed apparatus. The chosen in...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kramar A,Turk S,Vrecer F

更新日期：2003-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The preservation of biological activity of protein drugs in formulations is still a major challenge for successful drug delivery. The enzyme L-asparaginase, which exhibits a short in vivo half-life and is only active against leukaemia in its tetrameric form, was encapsulated in poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanospher...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Wolf M,Wirth M,Pittner F,Gabor F

更新日期：2003-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report, we describe the design of an aerosol exposure chamber to reproducibly produce uniformly distributed clouds of droplet nuclei. The device can deliver desired number of bacilli (20-2000) in lungs of mice. All safety measures to handle infectious bacteria have been incorporated in the design and it is con...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bhaskar S,Upadhyay P

更新日期：2003-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:An aqueous nanoparticle delivery system has been developed which employs the oppositely charged polymers polyethylenimine (PEI) and dextran sulfate (DS) with zinc as a stabilizer. It is found that the pH of PEI solutions, the weight ratio of the two polymers, and zinc sulfate concentrations all play significant roles ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tiyaboonchai W,Woiszwillo J,Sims RC,Middaugh CR

更新日期：2003-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of dissolution medium composition on the in vitro release of ketoprofen from a series of ER products and the impact of the different buffer media on the in vivo-in vitro (IVIV) relationship. The products investigated were coated micro bead preparations having i...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Corrigan OI,Devlin Y,Butler J

更新日期：2003-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:An aerosol system is described for the generation and delivery of measured doses of monodisperse therapeutic drug particles to the human lungs. The system comprises a spinning top aerosol generator (STAG), aerosol chamber and inhalation control unit. Monodisperse aerosols allow drug particle size effects to be studied...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Biddiscombe MF,Usmani OS,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2003-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions have shown a promising release profile of small drug molecules and proteins. However, the major concerns are the structural stability, the retention of the activity and to avoid unwanted immunological reactions caused by the changes in protein structure. In the present study, the secondary...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Jørgensen L,Vermehren C,Bjerregaard S,Froekjaer S

更新日期：2003-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of positively-charged and sterically stabilized liposomes and/or methyl-beta-cyclodextrin on rheological properties of Carbopol 974P NF hydrogels was investigated. All formulations have displayed a shear-thinning behavior of Carbopol gels, and the rate stress as a function of the shear rate was fitted us...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Boulmedarat L,Grossiord JL,Fattal E,Bochot A

更新日期：2003-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the dispersal mechanism of retinol (Vitamin A, VA) into phospholipid. VA was dispersed with soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC) using sonication and the dispersal mechanism was evaluated by characterizing the dispersed particles using dynamic light scattering, fluorescence spe...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Asai Y

更新日期：2003-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Application of spray-dried chitinosans as excipients for use in drug delivery systems was explored. METHODS:Spray- and tray-dried chitinosans previously N-deacetylated and depolymerized were used. Directly compressed tablets (200mg) containing tetracycline, chitinosan, and magnesium stearate were prepared. The...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Rege PR,Garmise RJ,Block LH

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Ciprofloxacin (CPX) physicochemical properties, mainly hydrophobicity and microspeciation, appear to be related with the ability of this drug to adsorb and diffuse through lipid environments. We have combined the information from fluorescence anisotropy, quenching and epifluorescence of phospholipid monolayers, to exp...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Hernández-Borrell J,Montero MT

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The emulsions with various oils such as linseed oil, soybean oil and squalene were prepared to obtain the relationship between the stability and the transfection activity of the emulsions. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) was used as a single cationic lipid emulsifier. The droplet sizes and ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kim YJ,Kim TW,Chung H,Kwon IC,Sung HC,Jeong SY

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Implantable polymeric device that can release chemotherapeutic agent directly into central nervous system (CNS) has had an impact on malignant glioma therapy. The purpose of our study was to develop an implantable polymeric device, which can release intact 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) for long-term peri...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Seong H,An TK,Khang G,Choi SU,Lee CO,Lee HB

更新日期：2003-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine, using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model, the extent to which the paracellular and transcellular routes are altered by citicholine (CDP-Ch) and DMSO in the presence of human serum albumin (HSA). The apparent permeability (Papp) of mannitol in the presence of 4% (w/v) HSA was in...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Demirbas S,Stavchansky S

更新日期：2003-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Well known aging problems with rubbery starch films are the migration of plasticizer and increased crystallinity leading to embrittlement. The effects of a combination of sorbitol and glycerol used as plasticizers on mechanical, moisture permeability and solid-state properties of rubbery amylose maize starch (Hylon VI...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Krogars K,Heinämäki J,Karjalainen M,Niskanen A,Leskelä M,Yliruusi J

更新日期：2003-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present work was to find a suitable method for the introduction of thiol functions on the surface of poly(DL-lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles. Three different approaches were investigated. The modification of the surface involves the activation of PLA carboxylic acid groups followed by the attack of a n...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Nobs L,Buchegger F,Gurny R,Allémann E

更新日期：2003-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium phosphate nanoparticles present a unique class of non-viral vectors, which can serve as efficient and alternative DNA carriers for targeted delivery of genes. In this study we report the design and synthesis of ultra-low size, highly monodispersed DNA doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles of size around 80 nm ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Roy I,Mitra S,Maitra A,Mozumdar S

更新日期：2003-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents a novel drug release model that combines drug dissolution, diffusion, and immobilization caused by adsorption of the drug to the tablet constituents. Drug dissolution is described by the well-known Noyes-Whitney equation and drug adsorption by a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption isotherm, and these ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Frenning G,Strømme M

更新日期：2003-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed films containing pectin, chitosan and HPMC, prepared by solvent casting from 0.1 M HCl (pH 1.5) and 0.1 M acetic acid (pH 2.9) were evaluated for their morphological and leaching properties. Films cast at pH 1.5 were uniform with smooth surfaces while films cast at pH 2.9 showed particle aggregation and had roug...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Ofori-Kwakye K,Fell JT

更新日期：2003-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Floating (F) microcapsules containing melatonin (MT) were prepared by the ionic interaction of chitosan and a negatively charged surfactant, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOS). The DOS/chitosan complex formation was confirmed employing infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), solubility and X-r...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： El-Gibaly I

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:This work presents a simple and fast method for the simultaneous determination of amiloride and furosemide by digital derivative spectrophotometry. HCl 1 x 10(-2) mol/l dissolved in ethanol was used as solvent and to extract drugs from formulations. Subsequently the samples were evaluated directly by first digital der...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Inés Toral M,Pope S,Quintanilla S,Richter P

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cascade impactor analysis is the standard technique for in vitro characterization of aerosol clouds generated by medical aerosol generators. One important reason for using this inertial separation principle is that drug fractions are classified into aerodynamic size ranges that are relevant to the deposition in the re...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： de Boer AH,Gjaltema D,Hagedoorn P,Frijlink HW

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was carried out in human volunteers to investigate whether ileal brake activators could alter the bioavailability of atenolol from the small intestine by slowing intestinal transit and thereby increasing the time available for absorption. Oleic acid and a monoglyceride were formulated into modified release cap...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Dobson CL,Davis SS,Chauhan S,Sparrow RA,Wilding IR

更新日期：2002-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl methacrylate (MMA) copolymers have recently been proposed as an alternative in controlled-release matrix tablets. The aims of this study were to assess the potential value of these copolymers as direct compression excipients and to investigate relationships between the physical and structural properties of the ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Ferrero C,Jiménez-Castellanos MR

更新日期：2002-11-06 00:00:00